# Class PageContextImpl

java.lang.Object
jakarta.servlet.jsp.JspContext
jakarta.servlet.jsp.PageContext
org.apache.jasper.runtime.PageContextImpl

public class PageContextImpl extends PageContext
Implementation of the PageContext class from the JSP spec. Also doubles as a VariableResolver for the EL.

Author:
  Anil K. Vijendran, Larry Cable, Hans Bergsten, Pierre Delisle, Mark Roth, Jan Luehe, Jacob Hookom

## Field Summary

### Fields inherited from class jakarta.servlet.jsp.PageContext

`APPLICATION, APPLICATION_SCOPE, CONFIG, EXCEPTION, OUT, PAGE, PAGE_SCOPE, PAGECONTEXT, REQUEST, REQUEST_SCOPE, RESPONSE, SESSION, SESSION_SCOPE`

## Method Summary

Modifier and Type
Method
Description
`Object`
`findAttribute(String name)`
Searches for the named attribute in page, request, session (if valid), and application scope(s) in order and returns the value associated or null.
`void`
`forward(String relativeUrlPath)`
This method is used to re-direct, or "forward" the current ServletRequest and ServletResponse to another active component in the application.
`Object`
`getAttribute(String name)`
Returns the object associated with the name in the page scope or null if not found.
`Object`
`getAttribute(String name, int scope)`
Return the object associated with the name in the specified scope or null if not found.
`Enumeration<String>`
`getAttributeNamesInScope(int scope)`
Enumerate all the attributes in a given scope.
`int`
`getAttributesScope(String name)`
Get the scope where a given attribute is defined.
`ELContext`
`getELContext()`
Obtain the ELContext for this JSPContext.
`Exception`
`getException()`
Returns the exception associated with this page context, if any.
`JspWriter`
`getOut()`
The current value of the out object (a JspWriter).
`Object`
`getPage()`
The current value of the page object (In a Servlet environment, this is an instance of jakarta.servlet.Servlet).
`ServletRequest`
`getRequest()`
The current value of the request object (a ServletRequest).
`ServletResponse`
`getResponse()`
The current value of the response object (a ServletResponse).
`ServletConfig`
`getServletConfig()`
The ServletConfig instance.
`ServletContext`
`getServletContext()`
The ServletContext instance.
`HttpSession`
`getSession()`
The current value of the session object (an HttpSession).
`void`
`handlePageException(Exception ex)`
This method is intended to process an unhandled 'page' level exception by forwarding the exception to the specified error page for this JSP.
`void`
`handlePageException(Throwable t)`
This method is intended to process an unhandled 'page' level exception by forwarding the exception to the specified error page for this JSP.
`void`
`include(String relativeUrlPath)`
Causes the resource specified to be processed as part of the current ServletRequest and ServletResponse being processed by the calling Thread.
`void`
`include(String relativeUrlPath, boolean flush)`
Causes the resource specified to be processed as part of the current ServletRequest and ServletResponse being processed by the calling Thread.
`void`
`initialize(Servlet servlet, ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, String errorPageURL, boolean needsSession, int bufferSize, boolean autoFlush)`
The initialize method is called to initialize an uninitialized PageContext so that it may be used by a JSP Implementation class to service an incoming request and response within it's _jspService() method.
`JspWriter`
`popBody()`
Return the previous JspWriter "out" saved by the matching pushBody(), and update the value of the "out" attribute in the page scope attribute namespace of the JspContext.
`static Object`
`proprietaryEvaluate(String expression, Class<?> expectedType, PageContext pageContext, ProtectedFunctionMapper functionMap)`
Proprietary method to evaluate EL expressions.
`BodyContent`
`pushBody()`
Return a new BodyContent object, save the current "out" JspWriter, and update the value of the "out" attribute in the page scope attribute namespace of the PageContext.
`JspWriter`
`pushBody(Writer writer)`
Return a new JspWriter object that sends output to the provided Writer.
`void`
`release()`
This method shall "reset" the internal state of a PageContext, releasing all internal references, and preparing the PageContext for potential reuse by a later invocation of initialize().
`void`
`removeAttribute(String name)`
Remove the object reference associated with the given name from all scopes.
`void`
`removeAttribute(String name, int scope)`
Remove the object reference associated with the specified name in the given scope.
`void`
`setAttribute(String name, Object attribute)`
Register the name and value specified with page scope semantics.
`void`
`setAttribute(String name, Object o, int scope)`
Register the name and value specified with appropriate scope semantics.

### Methods inherited from class jakarta.servlet.jsp.PageContext

`getErrorData`

### Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

`clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait`

## Method Details

### initialize

public void initialize(Servlet servlet, ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, String errorPageURL, boolean needsSession, int bufferSize, boolean autoFlush) throws IOException
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.PageContext`

The initialize method is called to initialize an uninitialized PageContext so that it may be used by a JSP Implementation class to service an incoming request and response within it's _jspService() method.

This method is typically called from JspFactory.getPageContext() in order to initialize state.

This method is required to create an initial JspWriter, and associate the "out" name in page scope with this newly created object.

This method should not be used by page or tag library authors.

Specified by:
  `initialize` in class `PageContext`
Parameters:
  `servlet` - The Servlet that is associated with this PageContext
  `request` - The currently pending request for this Servlet
  `response` - The currently pending response for this Servlet
  `errorPageURL` - The value of the errorpage attribute from the page directive or null
  `needsSession` - The value of the session attribute from the page directive
  `bufferSize` - The value of the buffer attribute from the page directive
  `autoFlush` - The value of the autoflush attribute from the page directive
Throws:
  `IOException` - during creation of JspWriter

### release

public void release()
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.PageContext`

This method shall "reset" the internal state of a PageContext, releasing all internal references, and preparing the PageContext for potential reuse by a later invocation of initialize(). This method is typically called from JspFactory.releasePageContext().

Subclasses shall envelope this method.

This method should not be used by page or tag library authors.

Specified by:
  `release` in class `PageContext`

### getAttribute

public Object getAttribute(String name)
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.JspContext`
Returns the object associated with the name in the page scope or null if not found.

Specified by:
  `getAttribute` in class `JspContext`
Parameters:
  `name` - the name of the attribute to get
Returns:
  the object associated with the name in the page scope or null if not found.

### getAttribute

public Object getAttribute(String name, int scope)
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.JspContext`
Return the object associated with the name in the specified scope or null if not found.

Specified by:
  `getAttribute` in class `JspContext`
Parameters:
  `name` - the name of the attribute to set
  `scope` - the scope with which to associate the name/object
Returns:
  the object associated with the name in the specified scope or null if not found.

### setAttribute

public void setAttribute(String name, Object attribute)
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.JspContext`
Register the name and value specified with page scope semantics. If the value passed in is `null`, this has the same effect as calling `removeAttribute( name, PageContext.PAGE_SCOPE )`.

Specified by:
  `setAttribute` in class `JspContext`
Parameters:
  `name` - the name of the attribute to set
  `attribute` - the value to associate with the name, or null if the attribute is to be removed from the page scope.

### setAttribute

public void setAttribute(String name, Object o, int scope)
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.JspContext`
Register the name and value specified with appropriate scope semantics. If the value passed in is `null`, this has the same effect as calling `removeAttribute( name, scope )`.

Specified by:
  `setAttribute` in class `JspContext`
Parameters:
  `name` - the name of the attribute to set
  `o` - the object to associate with the name, or null if the attribute is to be removed from the specified scope.
  `scope` - the scope with which to associate the name/object

### removeAttribute

public void removeAttribute(String name, int scope)
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.JspContext`
Remove the object reference associated with the specified name in the given scope. Does nothing if there is no such object.

Specified by:
  `removeAttribute` in class `JspContext`
Parameters:
  `name` - The name of the object to remove.
  `scope` - The scope where to look.

### getAttributesScope

public int getAttributesScope(String name)
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.JspContext`
Get the scope where a given attribute is defined.

Specified by:
  `getAttributesScope` in class `JspContext`
Parameters:
  `name` - the name of the attribute to return the scope for
Returns:
  the scope of the object associated with the name specified or 0

### findAttribute

public Object findAttribute(String name)
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.JspContext`
Searches for the named attribute in page, request, session (if valid), and application scope(s) in order and returns the value associated or null.

Specified by:
  `findAttribute` in class `JspContext`
Parameters:
  `name` - the name of the attribute to search for
Returns:
  the value associated or null

### getAttributeNamesInScope

public Enumeration<String> getAttributeNamesInScope(int scope)
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.JspContext`
Enumerate all the attributes in a given scope.

Specified by:
  `getAttributeNamesInScope` in class `JspContext`
Parameters:
  `scope` - the scope to enumerate all the attributes for
Returns:
  an enumeration of names (`String`) of all the attributes the specified scope

### removeAttribute

public void removeAttribute(String name)
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.JspContext`
Remove the object reference associated with the given name from all scopes. Does nothing if there is no such object.

Specified by:
  `removeAttribute` in class `JspContext`
Parameters:
  `name` - The name of the object to remove.

### getOut

public JspWriter getOut()
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.JspContext`
The current value of the out object (a JspWriter).

Specified by:
  `getOut` in class `JspContext`
Returns:
  the current JspWriter stream being used for client response

### getSession

public HttpSession getSession()
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.PageContext`
The current value of the session object (an HttpSession).

Specified by:
  `getSession` in class `PageContext`
Returns:
  the HttpSession for this PageContext or null

### getServletConfig

public ServletConfig getServletConfig()
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.PageContext`
The ServletConfig instance.

Specified by:
  `getServletConfig` in class `PageContext`
Returns:
  the ServletConfig for this PageContext

### getServletContext

public ServletContext getServletContext()
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.PageContext`
The ServletContext instance.

Specified by:
  `getServletContext` in class `PageContext`
Returns:
  the ServletContext for this PageContext

### getRequest

public ServletRequest getRequest()
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.PageContext`
The current value of the request object (a ServletRequest).

Specified by:
  `getRequest` in class `PageContext`
Returns:
  The ServletRequest for this PageContext

### getResponse

public ServletResponse getResponse()
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.PageContext`
The current value of the response object (a ServletResponse).

Specified by:
  `getResponse` in class `PageContext`
Returns:
  the ServletResponse for this PageContext

### getException

public Exception getException()
Returns the exception associated with this page context, if any.

Added wrapping for Throwables to avoid ClassCastException: see Bugzilla 31171 for details.

Specified by:
  `getException` in class `PageContext`
Returns:
  The Exception associated with this page context, if any.

### getPage

public Object getPage()
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.PageContext`
The current value of the page object (In a Servlet environment, this is an instance of jakarta.servlet.Servlet).

Specified by:
  `getPage` in class `PageContext`
Returns:
  the Page implementation class instance associated with this PageContext

### include

public void include(String relativeUrlPath) throws ServletException, IOException
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.PageContext`

Causes the resource specified to be processed as part of the current ServletRequest and ServletResponse being processed by the calling Thread. The output of the target resources processing of the request is written directly to the ServletResponse output stream.

The current JspWriter "out" for this JSP is flushed as a side-effect of this call, prior to processing the include.

If the relativeUrlPath begins with a "/" then the URL specified is calculated relative to the DOCROOT of the `ServletContext` for this JSP. If the path does not begin with a "/" then the URL specified is calculated relative to the URL of the request that was mapped to the calling JSP.

It is only valid to call this method from a `Thread` executing within a `_jspService(...)` method of a JSP.

Specified by:
  `include` in class `PageContext`
Parameters:
  `relativeUrlPath` - specifies the relative URL path to the target resource to be included
Throws:
  `ServletException` - if the page that was forwarded to throws a ServletException
  `IOException` - if an I/O error occurred while forwarding

### include

public void include(String relativeUrlPath, boolean flush) throws ServletException, IOException
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.PageContext`

Causes the resource specified to be processed as part of the current ServletRequest and ServletResponse being processed by the calling Thread. The output of the target resources processing of the request is written directly to the current JspWriter returned by a call to getOut().

If flush is true, The current JspWriter "out" for this JSP is flushed as a side-effect of this call, prior to processing the include. Otherwise, the JspWriter "out" is not flushed.

If the relativeUrlPath begins with a "/" then the URL specified is calculated relative to the DOCROOT of the `ServletContext` for this JSP. If the path does not begin with a "/" then the URL specified is calculated relative to the URL of the request that was mapped to the calling JSP.

It is only valid to call this method from a `Thread` executing within a `_jspService(...)` method of a JSP.

Specified by:
  `include` in class `PageContext`
Parameters:
  `relativeUrlPath` - specifies the relative URL path to the target resource to be included
  `flush` - True if the JspWriter is to be flushed before the include, or false if not.
Throws:
  `ServletException` - if the page that was forwarded to throws a ServletException
  `IOException` - if an I/O error occurred while forwarding

### forward

public void forward(String relativeUrlPath) throws ServletException, IOException
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.PageContext`

This method is used to re-direct, or "forward" the current ServletRequest and ServletResponse to another active component in the application.

If the relativeUrlPath begins with a "/" then the URL specified is calculated relative to the DOCROOT of the `ServletContext` for this JSP. If the path does not begin with a "/" then the URL specified is calculated relative to the URL of the request that was mapped to the calling JSP.

It is only valid to call this method from a `Thread` executing within a `_jspService(...)` method of a JSP.

Once this method has been called successfully, it is illegal for the calling `Thread` to attempt to modify the `ServletResponse` object. Any such attempt to do so, shall result in undefined behavior. Typically, callers immediately return from `_jspService(...)` after calling this method.

Specified by:
  `forward` in class `PageContext`
Parameters:
  `relativeUrlPath` - specifies the relative URL path to the target resource as described above
Throws:
  `ServletException` - if the page that was forwarded to throws a ServletException
  `IOException` - if an I/O error occurred while forwarding

### pushBody

public BodyContent pushBody()
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.PageContext`
Return a new BodyContent object, save the current "out" JspWriter, and update the value of the "out" attribute in the page scope attribute namespace of the PageContext.

Overrides:
  `pushBody` in class `PageContext`
Returns:
  the new BodyContent

### pushBody

public JspWriter pushBody(Writer writer)
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.JspContext`
Return a new JspWriter object that sends output to the provided Writer. Saves the current "out" JspWriter, and updates the value of the "out" attribute in the page scope attribute namespace of the JspContext.

The returned JspWriter must implement all methods and behave as though it were unbuffered. More specifically:

- clear() must throw an IOException
- clearBuffer() does nothing
- getBufferSize() always returns 0
- getRemaining() always returns 0

Overrides:
  `pushBody` in class `JspContext`
Parameters:
  `writer` - The Writer for the returned JspWriter to send output to.
Returns:
  a new JspWriter that writes to the given Writer.

### popBody

public JspWriter popBody()
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.JspContext`
Return the previous JspWriter "out" saved by the matching pushBody(), and update the value of the "out" attribute in the page scope attribute namespace of the JspContext.

Overrides:
  `popBody` in class `JspContext`
Returns:
  the saved JspWriter.

### handlePageException

public void handlePageException(Exception ex) throws IOException, ServletException
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.PageContext`

This method is intended to process an unhandled 'page' level exception by forwarding the exception to the specified error page for this JSP. If forwarding is not possible (for example because the response has already been committed), an implementation dependent mechanism should be used to invoke the error page (e.g. "including" the error page instead).

If no error page is defined in the page, the exception should be rethrown so that the standard servlet error handling takes over.

A JSP implementation class shall typically clean up any local state prior to invoking this and will return immediately thereafter. It is illegal to generate any output to the client, or to modify any ServletResponse state after invoking this call.

This method is kept for backwards compatibility reasons. Newly generated code should use PageContext.handlePageException(Throwable).

Specified by:
  `handlePageException` in class `PageContext`
Parameters:
  `ex` - the exception to be handled
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an I/O error occurred while invoking the error page
  `ServletException` - if an error occurs while invoking the error page
See Also:
  - `PageContext.handlePageException(Throwable)`

### handlePageException

public void handlePageException(Throwable t) throws IOException, ServletException
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.PageContext`

This method is intended to process an unhandled 'page' level exception by forwarding the exception to the specified error page for this JSP. If forwarding is not possible (for example because the response has already been committed), an implementation dependent mechanism should be used to invoke the error page (e.g. "including" the error page instead).

If no error page is defined in the page, the exception should be rethrown so that the standard servlet error handling takes over.

This method is intended to process an unhandled "page" level exception by redirecting the exception to either the specified error page for this JSP, or if none was specified, to perform some implementation dependent action.

A JSP implementation class shall typically clean up any local state prior to invoking this and will return immediately thereafter. It is illegal to generate any output to the client, or to modify any ServletResponse state after invoking this call.

Specified by:
  `handlePageException` in class `PageContext`
Parameters:
  `t` - the throwable to be handled
Throws:
  `IOException` - if an I/O error occurred while invoking the error page
  `ServletException` - if an error occurs while invoking the error page
See Also:
  - `PageContext.handlePageException(Exception)`

### proprietaryEvaluate

public static Object proprietaryEvaluate(String expression, Class<?> expectedType, PageContext pageContext, ProtectedFunctionMapper functionMap) throws ELException
Proprietary method to evaluate EL expressions. XXX - This method should go away once the EL interpreter moves out of JSTL and into its own project. For now, this is necessary because the standard machinery is too slow.

Parameters:
  `expression` - The expression to be evaluated
  `expectedType` - The expected resulting type
  `pageContext` - The page context
  `functionMap` - Maps prefix and name to Method
Returns:
  The result of the evaluation
Throws:
  `ELException` - If an error occurs during the evaluation

### getELContext

public ELContext getELContext()
Description copied from class: `jakarta.servlet.jsp.JspContext`
Obtain the ELContext for this JSPContext. Each JSPContext has a dedicated ELContext.

Specified by:
  `getELContext` in class `JspContext`
Returns:
  the ELContext for this JSPContext